Open Access
Table 1
Site characteristics of eight riverine systems in Java, Indonesia, for eDNA and LEK surveys.
| Site (Coordinate) | Size and proximity | Site characteristic |
|---|---|---|
| Cisadane (6°12'54.7"S 106°37'36.0"E) | ∼137 km; ∼32.14 km to river mouth | Urban-agricultural; pollution from residential runoff; Water quality: pH 5.7–6.0, temperature 27.1–27.5 °C, dissolved oxygen 5.7–6.4 mg/L |
| Kalimalang (6°18'09.3"S 107°13'31.5"E) | ∼50 km (artificially created); ∼8.24 km to to Citarum River. | Urban; domestic waste discharge; Water quality: pH 7.6–7.7, temperature 28.0–28.5 °C, dissolved oxygen 5.4–6.0 mg/L |
| Citarum (6°19'10.3"S 107°16'38.5"E) | ∼300 km; ∼94.16 km to river mouth | Urban-industrial; contamination from textile factories; Water quality: pH 7.2–7.8, temperature 28.4–28.6 °C, dissolved oxygen 4.8–6.1 mg/L |
| Ciliwung (6°21'09.6"S 106°50'08.3"E) | ∼120 km; ∼54.12 km to river mouth | Heavily urbanized; poor water quality due to industrial waste; Water quality: pH 7.3–7.6, temperature 27.4–28.5 °C, dissolved oxygen 3.5–4.6 mg/L |
| Cimanuk (6°19'00.8"S 108°19'29.9"E) | ∼300 km; ∼6.81 km to river mouth | Agricultural; sedimentation from upstream farming activities Water quality: pH 7.2–7.5, temperature 28.0–28.1 °C, dissolved oxygen 4.2–4.8 mg/L |
| Cipunagara (6°25'11.0"S 107°53'37.0"E) | ∼150 km; ∼51.5 km to river mouth | Rural-agricultural; farming and local waste runoff; Water quality: pH 6.9–7.5, temperature 27.8–29.5 °C, dissolved oxygen 6.3–7.3 mg/L |
| Kalibabadan (6°52'13.2"S 109°19'31.7"E) | ∼50 km; ∼0.9 km to river mouth | Mixed-use (rural and agricultural); farming and local waste runoff; Water quality: pH 7.4–7.8, temperature 28.2–28.5 °C, dissolved oxygen 4.0–4.2 mg/L |
| Sragi (7°00'22.8"S 109°32'57.1"E) | ∼80 km; ∼34.5 km to river mouth | Mixed-use (rural and agricultural); farming and local waste runoff; Water quality: pH 7.5–7.8, temperature 25.4–25.5 °C, dissolved oxygen 6.1–6.3mg/L |
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