Table 4
Priority research questions organized by key thematic areas.
| Subject area | Research questions |
| Distribution and abundance of populations | Update the maps of natural distribution Monitor changes in distribution, abundance, population recovery, or decline |
| Diet | Understand diet adaptation in response to habitat and climate disruption conditions |
| Morphology and identification | Determine the potential for interspecific hybridization and improve identification tools |
| Habitats | Identify the microhabitat preferences for reproduction, activity, feeding, and resting Use individual tagging to reveal changes in habitat use over the diel cycle |
| Growth | Identify the repercussions of environmental disturbance on growth conditions |
| Reproduction | Estimate reproductive migration distances using individual tagging techniques |
| Movement dynamics | Evaluate the extent of home ranges at a seasonal or annual temporal scale Identify fine-scale movements associated with diel (day–night) shifts. Investigate potential shifts in distribution and assess the species’ capacity to track changing favourable habitats under ongoing environmental and climatic change |
| Impacts of anthropogenic pressures | Assess population recovery following habitat restoration Determine relationships between population trends and environmental change, and identify whether increases in population size are linked to improvements in habitat condition |
| Climate change | Assess the effects of increasing water temperature on spatial and temporal habitat use, particularly during heatwave events Determine changes in the species’ distribution range in relation to water temperature variationIncorporate climate-related parameters (water temperature trends, thermal anomalies, and hydrological variability) into freshwater biomonitoring programmes Determine whether observed differences reflect phenotypic plasticity in response to contrasting environmental conditions or instead result from deeper genetic divergence associated with evolutionary processes |
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