Table 2

Temperature requirements (°C) and basic reproductive characteristics of three crayfish species inhabiting the Drwęca River system.

Parameters Astacus astacus Pacifastacus leniusculus Faxonius limosus References
Temperature preference 16.0–21.0     Kozák et al., 2015
Optimum growth temperature 19.0–20.0 19.0–23.0 24.0–25.0 Firkins and Holdich, 1993; Kouba et al., 2010; Simčič et al., 2014
Upper temperature tolerance limit1 23.0–25.0 25.0–28.0 30.0 Kivivuori, 1994; Simčič et al., 2014; Kozák et al., 2015
Upper lethal temperature2 30.0–33.0 32.0–35.0   Becker et al., 1975; Kozák et al., 2015
Age of sexual maturity 3–5 2–3 1–2 Kozák et al., 2015
Average ovarian fecundity
(eggs per female)
149–242 361–371 447 Stypińska, 1978; Chybowski, 2013
Average pleopodal fecundity
(eggs per female)
80–200 200–400 200–300 Skurdal et al., 2011; Kozák et al., 2015

1 − threshold above which the species reveals avoidance or physiological disturbance.

2 − temperatures determined by different methods.

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