Table 2

Students' t-test results of total nitrogen (TN), total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), ammonia (NH4 +), total phosphorus (TP), total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), the relative growth rate (RGR) of submerged macrophytes, and percent biomass (%) and total biomass of submerged macrophytes between the fish-absent and fish-present treatments. Statistical significance where p < 0.05 is labelled in bold.

Comparisons Variables/Species Statistical parameters

t P
Nutrients TN 14.677 <0.0001
TDN 15.670 <0.0001
NH4 + 11.459 <0.0001
TP 4.592 0.004
TDP 1.546 0.173
SRP 2.179 0.072
RGR of macrophytes H. verticillata 1.049 0.335
V. denseserrulata 2.404 0.053
C. demersum 4.664 0.003
M. spicatum 1.511 0.181
Percent biomass (%) of each macrophyte species % H. verticillata 3.102 0.021
% V. denseserrulata 3.807 0.009
% C. demersum 0.319 0.760
% M. spicatum 2.126 0.078
Total biomass of the plants Total biomass 2.854 0.029

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