Creating life-long anglers: impacts of a high school fishing program on youth fishing, related knowledge, confidence and perception of barriers | Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems

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Table 3

Comparisons of knowledge, confidence and perceived barriers between participants and non-participants.

	Participants		Non-participants		T test	p	Cohen's d effect size

	n	Mean	n	Mean
Knowledge
Identifying fish	36	3.9	49	2.2	6.38	<0.01	1.4
Handling fish	37	4.4	48	3.0	4.52	<0.01	1.0
Casting	37	4.3	49	3.2	3.72	<0.01	0.8
Reeling	37	4.2	49	3.2	2.97	<0.01	0.6
Tying knots	37	3.9	49	2.5	4.30	<0.01	0.9
Lures	36	4.1	49	2.3	5.95	<0.01	1.3
Boating Safety	37	4.2	49	3.1	3.72	<0.01	0.8
Confidence
Identifying fish	33	4.2	45	2.6	5.61	<0.01	1.2
Handling fish	37	4.3	44	3.0	4.29	<0.01	0.9
Casting	37	4.4	45	3.1	3.83	<0.01	0.8
Reeling	37	4.1	44	3.2	2.69	<0.01	0.6
Tying knots	37	4.1	45	2.6	4.93	<0.01	1.1
Lures	37	4.2	45	2.5	6.15	<0.01	1.3
Boating Safety	37	4.2	45	3.4	2.67	<0.01	0.6
Barriers
Money to purchase fishing equipment	37	1.92	35	1.80	0.74	.46	0.2
Time to fish	31	1.87	38	1.87	0.01	.99	0.0
Transportation to go fishing	37	2.11	37	1.78	1.92	.06	0.4
Knowing where to fish	37	1.62	39	1.67	–0.26	.80	0.3
People to fish with	37	1.84	39	1.62	1.23	.22	0.1
Knowing how to target	37	2.00	37	2.05	–0.29	.77

Note: Welch t test statistics was used for all items of knowledge and confidence and first item of barrier as Levene test of equality variance indicated unequal variances between participants and non-participants. Knowledge and confidence were measured on a scale of 1 (nothing at all) − 5 (a lot). Barriers were measured on a scale of not a barrier at all (1) − major barrier (3), with N/A option given to non-participants only.

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