Table 1

Results of GLMs exploring the effects of fish presence, turbidity and substrate type on invertebrates and macrophytes. GLMs on abundance were fitted assuming a quasi-Poisson distribution, GLMs on diversity assumed quasi-binomial distribution and all other GLMs assumed Gaussian distribution.

  Explanatory variable

Response variate Tilapia Turbidity Substrate
Chironomidae: abundance (count) No effect
Exp I (F1,46 = 11.3, P = 0.002)
Exp II (F1,46 = 0.6, P = 0.4)
Overall (F2,93 = 0.6, P = 0.5)
No effect
Exp1 (F1,46 = 2.2, P = 0.1)
Exp2 (F1,46 = 0.3, P = 0.6)
Overall (F1,94 = 0.9, P = 0.4)
Negative effect of sediment
Exp1 (F3,44 = 3.9 P = 0.01)
Exp2 (F3,44 = 6.8, P < 0.001)
Overall (F3,93 = 8.2, P < 0.001)
Chironomidae: diversity
(Gini-Simpson)
No effect.
Exp I (F1,46 = 0.0, P = 0.9)
Exp II (F1,46 = 0.9, P = 0.3)
Overall (F2,93 = 0.4, P = 0.5)
Negative effect.
Exp I (F1,46 = 5.3, P = 0.03)
Exp II (F1,46 = 5.6, P = 0.02)
Overall (F1,94 = 10.8, P = 0.001)
No effect.
Exp I (F3,44 = 1.1 P = 0.4)
Exp II (F3,44 = 0.4, P = 0.8)
Overall (F3,92 = 0.4, P = 0.8)
Non-diptera: abundance
(count)
No effect.
Exp I (F1,46 = 0.0, P = 1.0)
Exp II (F1,46 = 0.3, P = 0.6)
Overall (F2,93 = 0.08, P = 0.8)
Negative effect.
Exp I (F1,46 = 4.9, P = 0.03)
Exp II (F1,46 = 47.5, P < 0.001)
Overall (F1,94 = 43.0, P < 0.001)
Positive effect of charophytes.
Exp I (F3,44 = 1.0, P = 0.4)
Exp II (F3,44 = 7.9, P < 0.001)
Overall (F3,93 = 5.4, P = 0.001)
Non-diptera: diversity (Gini-Simpson) No effect.
Exp I (F1,46 = 2.1, P = 0.1)
Exp II (F1,46 = 0.4, P = 0.5)
Overall (F2,93 = 0.0, P = 1.0)
Negative effect.
Exp I (F1,46 = 2.1, P = 0.1)
Exp II (F1,46 = 20.2, P < 0.001)
Overall (F1,94 = 31.3, P < 0.001)
No effect.
Exp I (F3,44 = 1.1 P = 0.3)
Exp II (F3,44 = 0.9, P = 0.4)
Overall (F3,93 = 0.4, P = 0.5)
Charophyte
(dry weight)
Negative effect
Exp I (F1,10 = 9.0, P = 0.01)
Exp II (F1,10 = 12.1, P = 0.007)
Overall (F1,33 = 20.38, P < 0.001)
Negative effect
Exp I (F1,10 = 9.0, P = 0.01)
Exp II (F1,10 = 12.9, P = 0.006)
Overall (F1,33 = 12.3, P = 0.001)
N/A
Water lily
(relative size)
Negative effect.
Exp I (F1,10 = 0.08, P = 0.7)
Exp II (F1,10 = 0.8, P = 0.4)
Overall (F1,34 = 8.0, P = 0.008)
N/A N/A

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