Table 5

Canonical loadings (i.e. correlations) for all populations between morphological traits and each canonical axis in the overall discriminant functional analysis (DFA) concerning the effect of latitude. Traits with correlations that are greater than or equal to an absolute value of 0.4 are considered to have biologically significant relationships (in boldface; McGarigal et al., 2000).

Discriminant functional analysis

Morphometric characters Axis 1 Axis 2
Pre-orbital distance 0.629 0.128
Maxilla length 0.351 0.710
Pre-dorsal distance –0.276 0.667
Pre-ventral distance –0.323 0.520
C-peduncle length –0.266 –0.427
C-base fin length –0.219 0.302
Eigen value 11.160 0.570
Cumulative % of total variance explained 89.700 94.300

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