Table 1
Variation in the numeric frequency (%) and percentage of occurrence (%, in parentheses) of prey categories consumed by small (30–60 mm SL) and large (61–90 mm SL) pumpkinseed Lepomis gibbosus during the establishment (1985) and integration (2003 and 2013) stages of the invasion in the mainstem of the Guadiana river (Portugal). Prey categories with numeric frequencies >20% are highlighted in bold.
1985 | 2003 | 2013 | Overall | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Size range | Small fish | Large fish | Small fish | Large fish | Small fish | Large fish | |
(SL, mm) | (30–60) | (61–90) | (30–60) | (61–90) | (30–60) | (61–90) | |
|
|||||||
Chironomidae | 51.0 (95.7) | 93.9 (100.0) | 4.4 (50.0) | 12.4 (57.1) | 54.5 (100.0) | 41.7 (100.0) | 38.7 (83.1) |
Cladocera | 29.7 (26.1) | 0.1 (20.0) | 38.3 (100.0) | 12.6 (100.0) | 2.7 (33.3) | 20.0 (44.1) | |
Trichoptera | 6.6 (73.9) | 1.3 (80.0) | 1.6 (57.1) | 1.8 (16.7) | 0.4 (14.3) | 2.9 (45.8) | |
Hemiptera | 4.8 (30.4) | 1.4 (80.0) | 9.4 (30.0) | 7.0 (71.4) | 23.2 (100.0) | 26.8 (100.0) | 7.7 (54.2) |
Copepoda | 4.1 (21.7) | 45.2 (100.0) | 64.8 (100.0) | 8.9 (50.0) | 0.2 (14.3) | 25.6 (44.1) | |
Ostracoda | 1.4 (34.8) | 0.8 (80.0) | 0.1 (10.0) | 0.1 (14.3) | 0.6 (23.7) | ||
Hydracarina | 1.0 (8.7) | 1.0 (16.7) | 0.3 (5.1) | ||||
Ephemeroptera | 0.6 (34.8) | 0.2 (20.0) | 0.4 (28.6) | 4.5 (33.3) | 30.6 (100.0) | 2.8 (33.9) | |
Mollusca | 0.4 (21.7) | 1.3 (40.0) | 1.6 (60.0) | 0.6 (22.0) | |||
Other prey | 0.3 (26.1) | 0.9 (80.0) | 0.9 (50.0) | 1.1 (85.7) | 3.4 (50.0) | 0.3 (14.3) | 0.8 (42.4) |
|
|||||||
Total fish | 21 | 7 | 10 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 62 |
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